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- Backing up Alpha FOUR files
-
-
- Once you start acquiring a substantial amount of data in your
- databases or you have taken the time to design a set or
- application that works well for you, you don't want to take
- chances with all your work. Backing up your data is essential.
- Although full hard drive crashes are relatively uncommon, they do
- happen. More likely is the possibility of loosing one or a few
- files due to a variety of causes and it is just a matter of time
- before you loose at least one important file associated with your
- databases. Having a recent backup will save you much frustration
- and hours and possibly days of work recreating the data if this
- is even possible.
-
- This document will cover what you need to know about Alpha FOUR
- files to keep your data backed up. The software you use to
- perform the backup is up to you. There are many very good backup
- programs on the market and you can check with your local software
- dealer for their recommendation.
-
- Where are the data files stored?
- Although you may store your database files anywhere you wish, we
- recommend that you use a directory under the \ALPHA4V2\ directory
- (called \ALPHA4\ in version 1) to store your data files. You can
- store your data files in the \ALPHA4V2\ directory along with the
- program files, however it is much easier to backup and copy the
- data files if they have been stored in a separate directory.
- C:\> (root directory)
- \ALPHA4V2\ (directory containing program files,
- called \ALPHA4\ in version 1)
- \ALPHA4V2\DATA\ (directory containing database files)
- \ALPHA4V2\JOAN\ (directory containing Joan's database files)
-
- A good way to find out where your data is stored is to open that
- database within Alpha FOUR by selecting (from the main menu)
- Choose, Open. If you had your database loaded when you did this,
- Alpha FOUR will show you the directory of files located in the
- current data directory which should include the database you were
- in. Note the Drive/Path information at the top of this screen.
- This displays the name of the directory that contains all the
- files shown on the screen.
-
- See the reference manual under "Open a database" for more
- information on navigating this directory screen. If all your data
- files are not shown on this directory (use the arrow keys to
- scroll up and down), it could be that other important data files
- have been stored in another directory.
-
- Which Files to back up
- The following list contains the files that you are most likely to
- want to keep backed up. Don't let the plethora of file extensions
- get you down. Notice that the majority of files associated with a
- database share the same filename. This way you can just specify
- to copy/backup all files with that name regardless of the
- extension (filename.*). In this chart filename refers to the name
- of the database or set.
-
- File Notes Ver 1 Ver 2
-
- Data file. Contains all the records filename. filename.
- from your database dbf dbf
-
- Memo fields. Contains the contents of filename. filename.
- any memo type fields. If dbt dbt
- you have no memo fields in
- a given database it will
- not have a .DBT file.
-
- Index files. Note that the index files indexname indexname
- associated with a database .ndx .ndx
- do not share the database
- name. Index files can take
- up a lot of space and are
- usually easily recreated.
- You may want to ignore the
- index files when backing up
- unless you are backing up a
- set.
-
- Form Layout. Contains the screen layout filename. filename.
- you see when you choose V I4x INx
- for View. Note this is not
- your actual data but
- controls the way the data
- is shown.
-
- Browse Table Contains the screen layout filename. filename.
- Layout. you see when you choose B B4x BNx
- for Browse. Note this is
- not your actual data but
- controls the way the data
- is shown.
-
- Mail Label filename. filename.
- Layout. L4x LNx
-
- Report filename. filename.
- Layout. R4x RNx
-
- Letter Note that the letter files letternam letternam
- files. are not associated with a e.LTR e.LTR
- specific database and
- therefore do not
- necessarily share a name
- with any database.
-
- Field Rules. filename. filename.
- RL4 RLN
-
- Range filename. filename.
- Definition. G4x GNx
-
- Saved Search filename. filename.
- Criteria S4x SNx
-
- Saved Global (version 1.1 and above) filename. filename.
- Update U4x UNx
- Criteria.
-
- Set file. This is the set design setname.S setname.S
- only. Databases and indexes ET ET
- associated with the set are
- stored in their own
- separate files.
-
- Application Application and macros. Any appname.A appname.A
- file. scripts played through an P4 PP
- application are saved in
- their own separate file.
-
- Application If your application uses a appname.A appname.A
- Banner custom banner make sure to S4 S4
- Screen. include this file in any
- backup.
-
- Script files Each script is stored in a N/A scriptnam
- separate file. If your e.SCP
- script(s) refer to other
- scripts, make sure to also
- backup the called script.
-
- This list is by no means all inclusive. It represents only those
- files that are the most closely tied to the data and would take
- you the longest to recreate should you loose the original files.
- For a more comprehensive list of all the data files used in Alpha
- FOUR, consult the reference manual.
-
- Three backup options
-
- If you would like to backup your Alpha FOUR files the first thing
- to decide is how complete you want your backup to be. The Quickie
- backup described below will take less time and disk space but
- will only backup the essential data files. A full data backup
- will take more time and disk space but will give you a full
- backup of all data files and related files which may be more
- useful should you loose the original.
-
- Quickie backup (just the data files)
- If you are concerned only about keeping an extra copy of your
- data, consider only backing up the filename.DBF and filename.DBT
- files. You will not have a backup of your layouts, field rules
- etc, however, if the database becomes corrupted you still have an
- extra copy of the data. This represents the most time/space
- efficient backup.
-
- Mid-Level database backup (including layouts and other associated
- files)
- If you also want to also back up the database's layouts (forms,
- browse tables, reports, mail labels), field rules, range
- settings, saved search criteria, and saved global update
- criteria, you can backup/copy all files that share the filename
- with that database. Most backup programs accept the DOS wild card
- filename.* and this will back up these files as well as the data
- files covered by the quick backup. This will not backup the index
- files or the letters.
-
- Full data backup (all files associated with a database or set)
- For a full backup of all files associated with a database you can
- either backup the entire directory containing the database(s).
- This would also backup all other databases in this directory. If
- you want to specify which files to backup, you can backup the
- following files:
- filename.* all files sharing the database name
- indexname.NDX do this for all indexes associated with that
- database
- lettername.LTR do this for all letters used with that
- database
- setname.* all files sharing the set's name (if you are
- backing up a set).
-
- Note on Sets:
- When copying or backing up a set it is important to copy all
- pertinent files from all databases associated with the set.
- Remember to backup/copy the indexes you use to link the databases
- together. Sets can also have their own field rules, forms etc so
- it is a good idea when backing up or copying a set to copy all
- files that share the set name (setname.*). Also remember to copy
- all of the set files to the same directory. A set cannot refer to
- files in another directory.
-
- Note on applications:
- When copying or backing up an application it is important to
- backup/copy all pertinent data from all databases associated with
- the application. If the application does not change, for
- subsequent backups you can simply copy the database(s) without
- needing to re-copy the application file. It is also important to
- copy any script files (.SCP) or banner screens (.AS4) that are
- used in the application.
-
- Note on scripts:
- Script files all have an .SCP extension. Backing up or copying
- script files is simply a matter of copying all SCP files (*.SCP)
- in the script path directory. If a script refers to another
- script remember to also copy that script file.
-
- Questions
-
- Q How often should I backup my files?
-
- A Often, but "often" can be interpreted differently depending
- on how much you would be willing to loose if the files became
- corrupted. Data problems can happen anytime and it is a good idea
- to implement a backup schedule that is based on how much data
- entry/changes you do in a given time period. Ask yourself this
- question "If my hard drive crashed today and I lost all the data
- on it, when did I do my last backup and was the data I lost
- (since the last backup) worth the time I saved by not backing up
- more frequently?" Based on your situation, determine how much
- data you would be willing to loose (1 day, 1 week, 1 month). and
- weigh this against the time it takes to backup. In most cases you
- can automate the backup process and make it quicker so you will
- be willing to do it more frequently.
-
- Note: If your database has become corrupted, Alpha Software has a
- document specifically on database corruption that is available by
- contacting the tech support department.
-
-
- Q What's the difference between backing up files and copying
- them to another place?
-
- A Usually a "backup" is a compressed version of the original
- file. By compressing the file, the backup software allows you to
- store more information on the backup medium (usually a floppy
- diskette) than if the files were simply copied. The backup
- program can also handle splitting larger files between two or
- more disks which is usually not possible with a simple copy.
-
-
- Q When I lost my data due to a hard drive crash, I copied the
- backup files onto my hard drive but Alpha FOUR would not
- recognize them. Why?
-
- A If you did indeed backup your files, no-doubt the backup
- program compressed the files and you need to restore the backed
- up files to the hard drive rather than simply copying them.
- Properly restoring the backed up files uncompressed the files
- into their original usable format on the hard drive.
-
-
-
- Notes on preventing data corruption
- The best way to prevent loss of data is to avoid data corruption
- in the first place. Here are some suggestions to help you avoid
- potential problems.
-
- Check your disk for viruses regularly. There are some good
- virus detection programs available for doing this. Make sure
- that you always have the latest version of the software
- because new computer viruses crop up regularly and the
- software is constantly being updated to recognize the new
- viruses in circulation.
-
- In the Alpha FOUR default settings, set "auto flush" to yes.
- Setting this to yes ensures that no more than the last record
- is potentially lost should your computer crash during data
- entry or experience memory problems. With Auto flush set to
- yes, Alpha FOUR copies each record down to the hard drive when
- you press F10 to save the new entry. Without this, Alpha FOUR
- collects new records in memory and only "flushes" them to disk
- when the memory gets full. To get to the default settings,
- from the main menu choose Other, Configuration, Default
- settings.
-
- We recommend that you make a backup or copy of the database
- before performing the following operations. These operations
- do not corrupt files but they permanently change the data and
- therefore posses the greatest potential for data loss if the
- user does not know how to properly implement them. It is
- always a good idea to have a backup just in case you misjudged
- the result.
- Global Update (unless you are updating a brand new field)
- Reconfigure
- Re-evaluate field rules
- Pack
- Post
- Zap
-
-
-